Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP): An Overview
Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a neuropeptide that was first discovered in 1974 by the Swiss Schoenenberger-Monnier group who isolated it from the cerebral venous blood of rabbits in an induced state of sleep1. It was primarily believed to be involved in sleep regulation due to its apparent ability to induce slow-wave sleep in rabbits1.
Structure and Interactions
DSIP is an amphiphilic peptide of molecular weight 850 daltons with the amino acid motif: N-Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu-C1. It has been found in both free and bound forms in the hypothalamus, limbic system, and pituitary as well as various peripheral organs, tissues, and body fluids1.
In the pituitary, DSIP co-localizes with many peptide and non-peptide mediators such as corticotropin-like intermediate peptide (CLIP), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and melanin concentrating hormone (MCH). It is abundant in the gut secretory cells and in the pancreas where it co-localizes with glucagon1.
Mechanism of Action
In the brain, the action of DSIP may be mediated by NMDA receptors1. In another study, DSIP stimulated acetyltransferase activity through α receptors in rats1. It is unknown where DSIP is synthesized. In vitro, it has been found to have a low molecular stability with a half-life of only 15 minutes due to the action of a specific aminopeptidase-like enzyme1.
Roles in Endocrine Regulation
DSIP has been suggested to play many roles following research carried out using peptide analogues with a greater molecular stability1. DSIP has been found to decrease basal corticotropin level and block its release1.
Conclusion
DSIP is a fascinating molecule with a profound impact on sleep patterns and potential therapeutic benefits. However, more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and potential applications in human health.
Disclaimer: The information in this blog post is based on scientific research and is intended for educational purposes only. It should not be construed as medical advice or a recommendation for self-administration of DSIP.